The Spanish conquistadors that walked off of ships and onto South American soil brought with them a serious case of gold fever, as well as influenza and smallpox. The Norte Chico’s silence and lack of leftover evidence hides what happened to them and the reasons they waved their cities goodbye, vanishing. If these ancient civilizations weren’t interconnected in one way or another… why did they follow a nearly identical architectural pattern? With territory that stretched 1.25 million square kilometers (nearly 500,000 square miles), it reached a thousand settlements throughout modern Pakistan, India, and Afghanistan. READ MORE: Ancient Sparta: The History of the SpartansREAD MORE: The Peloponnesian WarREAD MORE: The Battle of Thermopylae, Period: 1600 B.C. Period: 2600 B.C. And contrary to what today’s modern hands might do, this society also cast gold into graves; one of the civilizations largest and oldest gold caches, around 3,000 pieces, was found in one of its cemeteries. Burial of the dead in ceremoniesAfter this period the rise to modern society begins.Ancient Mesopotamian civilizations would leave influentia… The final blow was brought to fruition due to the size of the empire. Who was the inhabitance? – 5700 B.C.Original Location: Southern AnatoliaCurrent Location: Turkey. One of its most known habits was that of creating “goddess” figurines. Did they have the same instructor? All other civilisations such as greek, mesopotamian, egypt, chinese have been dead long back. We have the ancient Greeks to thank for things like present-day democracy, libraries, the modern alphabet, and even zoology. to 331 B.C., this royal hobby of collecting new territories granted the Persians the largest empire recorded in ancient history. The ancient Greeks were a rare exception. Meaning the “Land Between Rivers” in ancient Greek, Mesopotamia was a region — not a single civilization — and several cultures benefited from the fertile lands that today includes southwest Asia and swathes along the eastern Mediterranean ocean. And though the other cultures that surrounded them were too distracted by their own internal power struggles to take these treasures by force, it would be a mix of human and natural factors — invaders from Central Asia and climate change — that would strangle the Indus culture in the end. What’s your definition of civilization? Period: 6,500 B.C. If the Aztecs were a cricket team, they’d be all-rounders. The circular object in front of the Maya ruins at Kabah is a chultun, part of the Mayan water control system. Today Durán's work still holds relevancy to those studying Mesoamerican societies and based on his findings Durán claims that the Toltecs were disciples of the "High Priest Topiltzin." The culture left behind great ruins, intricate metalworks, and invaluable golden treasures. However, social unrest is an early and unproven suspect, as only four percent of the entirety of Çatalhöyük has been dug through and examined. – Present DayOriginal Location: AustraliaCurrent Location: AustraliaMajor Highlights: The first known human civilization. Best, and most famous of all, it gave us the Olympic Games, as, starting around 776 B.C., athletes competed for the ultimate prize — a wreath of olive leaves, known as a “kotinos” (back then, earning a crown of foliage and wearing it to honor the gods was a big deal). Starting with several wars that tore down its defenses, the invasions began and each wave erased more and more of the ancient civilization’s ways. Yes, Ancient Indian Dharmic Civilisation or Sanatana Dharma. This circular mechanical object that revolves around an axis is a fundamental component in any machinery, in land vehicles and also to make pottery, despite the fact that the Incas and the Aztecs managed fine without it. As a period of history over 5000 years ago, much of the evidencewe have has been confined to mythology and folklore. The site also produced what could be the most ancient sample of Chinese writing ever found. The culturally rich village has, in all likeliness, heavily influenced the development of Chinese civilization. Plus, if you know the words “coyote,” “chocolate” and “avocado,” then congratulations! Still, some of the jobs that we have today have been around since then. Borei is the ancient race most similar to the human race. Indus civilization, the earliest known urban culture of the Indian subcontinent. As a legacy from Atlantis, the Lemurians also had a third eye. It didn’t say they were turks. 6. May 14, 2018 Image Credit: Pexels / pixabay.com. Accessed April 4, 2021. Their archaic period didn’t end with blood and fire; instead, around the year 480 B.C., the era evolved into the spectacular Classical Age — a time that rocked architectural and philosophical thinking until 323 B.C. Unbelievably wrong. Terms to know • Ancient: Long, long ago • Architecture 4.3. The culture is famous for its enduring monuments. This list takes a look at ten ancient cities that are still functioning today. The snaking lines were so decently built that several pathways survive today, still in excellent condition. And with that, civil war broke out. The Maya were a group of independent city-states, which shared cultural qualities. – 900 A.D.Original Location: Around present-day YucatanCurrent Location: Yucatan, Quintana Roo, Campeche, Tabasco, and Chiapas in Mexico; south through Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, and HondurasMajor Highlights: Complex understanding of astronomy. But despite the end of this remarkable chapter in history, the Chinese nation still continues as the world’s longest-lasting civilization. They had built sites and fortresses – some of which still exist until today. Period: 3150 B.C. This process of tool creation conforms to the idea that civilization is defined by culture or technology, and even though stone tools are primitive, in their time they were the height of advancement. Advertisement. and flourished between the rivers Tigris and Euphrates. As the switch was made to farming, the need for hunting lessened and they relied more heavily on their goat herds and vegetable stores. Mesopotamia changed hands several times, as from the Babylonians to the Hittites, swinging from peace to war and then back again. But the Roman Empire crumbled, and not because a foreign horde stormed the gates — instead, the Roman upper crust fought over the crown until civil war broke out. For most of us, architecture is easy to take for granted. The many borders couldn’t all be defended, and the Germanic prince, Odovacar, crushed what remained of the Roman army. The next oldest civilization was the most flourished civilization of Central America lasted from 2600 BC to 250 AD. Which Duran also says, "means Masters, or Men Wise in Some Craft." The Ancient Civilization (Japanese 古代文明) was a once thriving civilization that mysteriously went extinct some centuries ago. But the Inca Empire’s thirst to conquer was ironic, as the day came when a stronger foe wanted their territory. Their height was 26 feet and they could live on average 1000 years. Before China’s great dynasties, small neolithic villages formed the roots of their great civilization. But all civilizations, now and in the past, are products of gradual transformation that has taken place over time. The most ancient civilisation on Earth is still around today 4. List of ancient civilizations. Over the next 1,500 years, this civilization, known as the Danubian culture, raised towns with thousands of homes and shone as perhaps the most advanced society in the world during its time. Perhaps the earliest civilization in the world whose influence we still feel today as the first writing called cuneiform came from the Mesopotamians and by 3500 BC they had invented the wheel. This neolithic society is a great window into studying the human transition from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to settling and staying in one place long enough to farm. Well she does list ancient Egypt and even though most Anglo historians try to separate them, Egypt is in Africa and means ” Land of the Blacks” so the author gets credit for citing Egypt. Continue Reading Below. Nifty fingers built the original maritime compass, the printing press, and gunpowder. In fact, many of the inventions happening during Roman times had shaped its civilization – which affected today’s world and innovations. Continue Reading Below. Plus, the Norte Chico’s architecture was so monumental, precise, and well-planned that later cultures, including the Inca, unashamedly poached a few ideas from them to use in their own societies. The last of my list of ancient civilizations is that of the virtually unknown ancient culture of the Aroi Sun Kingdom of the Pacific. And, incredibly, there’s evidence that suggests they might’ve first set foot on the continent as far back as 80,000 years ago. Interesting but rather incomplete! – 539 B.C.Original Location: Northeast by the Zagros Mountains, southeast by the Arabian PlateauCurrent Location: Iraq, Syria, and TurkeyMajor Highlights: First civilization in the world. Led by the infamous Hernán Cortés, the conquistadors snowballed their numbers by enlisting the native enemies of the Aztecs, and massacred people at Tenochtitlan. 5) Ancient humans had outposts on the Moon and Mars. Discuss: The most ancient civilisation on Earth is still around today. Inner conflict, drought, and their conquest by the Spanish in the 16th century all conspired to boot this stunning civilization straight off a metaphorical cliff. – 331 B.C.Original Location: Egypt in the west to Turkey in the north, through Mesopotamia to the Indus river in the eastCurrent Location: Modern-day IranMajor Highlights: Royal road. Period: 1438 A.D. – 1532 A.D.Original Location: Ancient PeruCurrent Location: Peru, Ecuador, ChileMajor Highlights: Machu Picchu, engineering excellence. Between 1438 and 1532, the Inca people blossomed from a small tribe to being South America’s largest empire in the pre-Columbian era, and during its zenith, their borders even crept well into Ecuador and Chile. Period: 2700 B.C. If your web page requires an HTML link, please insert this code: Ancient Civilizations Timeline: 16 Oldest Known Cultures From Around The World, How can you have the oldest civilizations and not one is in africa which is where life began. Imperial in-fighting led to wars that axed the Shang Dynasty in the year 1046 B.C., leading to the close of the era during which China’s ancient culture rose to sparkling heights. iPhone History: A Timeline of Every Model in Order Mason-Dixon Line The History of Guns, 7. 2. Historians remain puzzled as to how the advanced Maya Civilization could suddenly collapse in 900 CE. First migrating from Africa between 51,000 and 72,000 years ago (earlier than the ancestors of present-day Eurasians), Indigenous Australians have lived in Australia since. Koneczny claimed that civilizations cannot be mixed into hybrids, an inferior civilization when given equal rights within a highly developed civilization will overcome it. Period: 7,000 B.C. The suggestion that Ancient Civilizations possessed advanced Aviation Technology which we are only beginning to understand today remains, and the jury is still out on how that will be eventually resolved. They adored eating up weaker cultures and they quickly became an unstoppable force. For all of the great structures we have today, still, none rival some of the stone wonders of antiquity. While the so-called lost continent of Mu sank over 24,000 years ago in a pole shift, the Pacific was later repopulated by a racial mixture of all civilizations, coming from Rama, China, Africa and the Americas. bestdesigns / Getty Images/iStockphoto. Be careful here, Civilizations are not the same as nations. Human Origins, Science, Unexplained. Sensing blood, Rome’s adversaries gathered, and having to fight them off left the once incredibly wealthy culture broke. In fact, many of the inventions happening during Roman times had shaped its civilization – which affected today’s world and innovations. Right from the pyramids to the statues and tombs, the Egyptian civilization thrived along the Nile. Mayan Civilization. To cite this article in an academic-style article or paper, use: Jana Louise Smit, "Ancient Civilizations Timeline: 16 Oldest Known Cultures From Around The World", History Cooperative, December 15, 2019, https://historycooperative.org/ancient-civilizations/. While the vast majority of the famous places from the past are now gone, a number still remain – some small and others huge. Though it has been thousands of years since the Roman Empire flourished, we can still see evidence of it in our art, architecture, technology, literature, language, and law.From bridges and stadiums to books and the words we hear every day, the ancient Romans have left their mark on our world. Maya Civilization. Conduct extensive research on both civilizations using the textbook and at least two outside reliable sources. Putting aside the invasions and the many conflicts that followed, the fruitful soil of the region allowed those who settled Mesopotamia to reach levels beyond mere survival, using it to rise to their full potential. This great civilization reached its final decline in 539 BC when the Achaemenid Empire conquered Mesopotamia. Period: 50,000 B.C. 6) There were at least two Advanced Civilizations before ours starting as far back as 150,000 years ago. Ancient Greek architecture continues to be a major influence throughout the world today. 5. China’s immense historical status is nothing new; for thousands of years, the civilization’s trademark was to do things big and with flair. Let’s focus on eight of the most important fields for us nowadays. Life didn’t begin there. This system is in practice till today. Known #4: Post Flood deposits contain grains of pulverized rocks, or remains of mostly crushed and sorted animal parts. Instead, they enjoyed plenty of food, big spacious cities, modern-looking streets with drains, and sewage systems that kept the cities clean. From 550 B.C. What of the civilization which brought the Great Zimbabwe Ruins? Many of these advanced civilizations built structures, and some of these structures likely required advanced building methods, some of which may not be known today. Only fragments of archaeological evidence sur… The ancient Mayan Empire was filled with wonders — tall temples that almost touched the sky; an unusual calendar that counted millions of years; incredible astronomical understanding; extensive record keeping. But their ability to arrange massive pyramids, houses, and plazas around their temples suggests that the civilization enjoyed some kind of government, bountiful resources, and trained workers. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. from the lesson.) Period: 3,000 B.C. Ancient civilizations. There still exist two ancient civilizations – Brahmin-Hindu and Chinese – which are not ready to fall any time soon. Besides acing agriculture, art, and architecture, their political and military excellence won the Aztecs nearly 6 million subjects from 500 city-states — each consisted of its own territory, and many that were conquered paid a tribute that boosted the Aztecs’ wealth. There is nothing like a brief look at Chinese history to give one a new and wholesome respect for the Chinese people. This growth happened quickly, thanks to an unfortunate habit of the Inca — conquest. It's true; the ancient culture of India developed rituals, traditions, celebrations and beliefs that are popular in India Culture today. While the nation survives and has even received an apology from Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, the fight to keep their traditions alive remains a struggle. Turkey is home to the world’s most well known Stone-Age city. For thousands of years, Mesopotamia was prime real estate, and every surrounding culture and group wanted it. The Assyrians weakened Egypt’s military and economy. Socrates . Water mills were a revolutionary invention and have been used all over the world for the purpose of metal shaping, agriculture and, most importantly, milling. Well, I do now, and you can as well. Paper and writing: Ancient Egyptians were among the first civilizations to make widespread use of the invention of writing and to keeping records of events. The three societies that will be examined in this paper are the ancient Greeks, the Roman Empire, and the Mesoamericans. You’re speaking Nahuatl, the major language of the Aztecs. Period: 1325 A.D. – 1521 A.D.Original Location: South-central MexicoCurrent Location: MexicoMajor Highlights: Highly advanced and complex society. Natural resources made them wealthy enough to achieve this, and they lived in peace due to their neighbors preferring to trade for Indus specials like copper, timber, and semi-precious stones. Leaving Africa in that period would also make them the first human population to traverse the ocean. The Spanish used their superior weapons and strategies to steamroll over the fragile resistance that remained, and once the last emperor, Atahualpa, was executed, all that remained of the Inca was a page in history. 5.4k 0. Here are some of those civilizations who didn’t make our list: There are three different ways you can cite this article. And, in 1274 B.C., Pharaoh Ramses II ended a bloody 200-year-old conflict with the Hittites when the two kingdoms agreed to be allies, signing one of the world’s first peace treaties. Many great empires have come and gone over the millennia, but indigenous people arrived in Australia 50,000 years ago — and they’re still standing. But most beginnings are humble, and China is no exception. New paper explains how we might go about looking for evidence of earlier civilizations. While there have been claims that Indigenous Australians were the world's oldest civilisation for some years, the genomic study published in the science journal Nature is the first time extensive DNA evidence has been able to prove it. The culture is famous for its “Dreamtime”, and a sentence or two can’t do this topic justice — “The Dreaming” is a concept that blankets all time; future, past, and present, and permeates every aspect of life. Black ink and even colored ink did not exist before the ancient Egyptians decided to document their history by using vegetable gum, soot and bee wax. This culture is a riddle. But though this is the case, throughout their history, Australian Aboriginals have faced brutal persecution that was designed to end their culture, languages, and lives. Period: 753 B.C. There still exist two ancient civilizations – Brahmin-Hindu and Chinese – which are not ready to fall any time soon. Later the Bronze ages would erupt, bringing the early civilizat… The study has revealed that not only did Indigenous Australians first come to Australia some 50,000 years ago, they remained almost entirely isolated on the continent until around 4,000 years ago. I was looking for a timeline on the Jewish civilization and given that Judaism, along with its two progeny, Christian and Islam, constitute the majority of religious affiliations in the world, I was surprised it wasn’t included here. The key was unique to the lock, and the whole mechanism was made out of wood. The Çatalhöyük Settlement that is a greek territory, and if we are talking about thousands of years ago turks were nowhere near that area, so calling it turkey, its kind of a false advertisement. Mesopotamia is credited with the beginnings of human civilization and many things that would change the world — the invention of time, the wheel, mathematics, maps, writing, and sailboats. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. From the ancient Egyptians to the lesser-known Jiahu people, the following article briefly explores six of the world’s oldest civilizations. Where ‘Ain Ghazal showcased the huge human shift of the gatherer-farmer transition, Çatalhöyük is the best example known to demonstrate an early urban civilization immersed in agriculture. Ancient Celtic... by Ancient Code Team. The first, Cyrus II, started a tradition of conquering new lands. In fact, for 700 years, the civilization prospered without armor, defensive walls, or weapons. One of history’s most well known and unforgettable cultures flowed first from farmers. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. They chose a waterway on the Konya Plain and settled in, draping their city over two hills. Civilizations arguably originated back in ancient times with the rise of the Neolithic periods which are thought to have started around 10,000 BC. Historians might never solve the origins of this plucky group. Turns out I was wrong. All told, the phenomenon is as unique as the people who have gained strength and guidance from it for as long as they have existed. Cuzco, the ancient capital of Peru, which was probably built before the Incas, is still inhabited today after thousands of years. It’s both a creation story and a destination after death, a sort of blueprint for a prosperous life. 4. Although she left out Kush, Nubia and the other African civilizations concurrent with Egypt. I think it is talking about where it is present in current day. The concept "cradle of civilization" is the subject of much debate. There is no doubt that ancient civilizations made significant and important contributions in all fields of life for humankind. A civilization is a complex human society, usually made up of different cities, with certain characteristics of cultural and technological development.In many parts of the world, early civilizations formed when people began coming together in urban settlements. The purpose of the terracotta statues remains unsolved, but historians speculate that they likely celebrated female strength and beauty. Between 1438 and 1532, the Inca people blossomed from a small tribe to being South America’s largest empire in the pre-Columbian era, and during its zenith, their borders even crept well into Ecuador and Chile. Their metropolis was decorated with mysterious figures made from lime plaster, including pregnant women and stylized human figures, and the inhabitants put those same types of lime plaster faces on the skulls of their dead. In fact, their methods functioned even better than the ones we use today. But by asking if we could “see” truly ancient industrial civilizations, we were forced to ask about the generic kinds of impacts any civilization might have on a planet. 15 Ancient Roman Inventions We Still Use Today. Built some 12,000 years ago, predating the Great Pyramid at Giza by 7,000 years and Stonehenge by 6,000 years, placing it in the pre-pottery Neolithic period. The abandonment of Çatalhöyük is a missing page from a mostly successful story. The ‘Ain Ghazal culture boomed during this major shift and survived in what is modern-day Jordan. Smaller settlements appear in the region much earlier than this time. Today’s civilization would not function without the wheel. No wonder if the Incas are included within the popular and ‘successful’ ancient first civilizations whose influence still remain. – 479 B.C.Original Location: Italy, Sicily, North Africa, as far west as FranceCurrent Location: GreeceMajor Highlights: Concepts of democracy, the Senate, the Olympics. Their influence is in nearly every one of our modern fields, including sports, science, finance, engineering, politics, agriculture, and social development. Period: 5500 B.C. ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS ANCIENT CHINA & EGYPT STANDARD 2.1 The student will explain how the contributions of ancient China and Egypt have influenced the present world in terms of architecture, inventions, the calendar, and written language. The Inca are recognized as the geniuses who pieced Machu Picchu together, but they also did much more than that. Why was it abandoned? Nobody knows for sure where they came from, but, ultimately, the Aztecs planted their flag in the south-central region of pre-Columbian Mexico. Ancient Greece was a very interesting time. The Great Pyramid of Giza, the phenomenal Inca road system, Taj Mahal, the forts of Rajasthan are some examples of the architectural masterpieces of ancient civilizations. The Grecian era also gave us theatre and Homer’s epic poems, Iliad, and Odyssey. Ancient Metal Plating (That's Still Better Than Ours) Anaga Elsa, via Wikimedia. These are just some of the as-yet-unanswered questions of Göbekli Tepe. These principles still exist in society today. marked the moment that hunters and gatherers decided to settle down and build permanent homes. Alexander was met with fierce resistance, but knuckled Persia into submission and ended its long and brutal reign. A new world-first DNA study has revealed that Indigenous Australian civilisation dates back more than 50,000 years. Here are some notable Greek figures—from philosophers to mathematicians and scientists—and how they have shaped the world we know today. © 2021 CNET, A RED VENTURES COMPANY. Meanwhile Golden Ancient Inca Model Aircraft suggest the presence of aviation technology amongst the Ancient Civilizations of South America. – 476 A.D.Original location: The Tiber River in ItalyCurrent Location: RomeMajor Highlights: Monumental architecture. The Royal Road helped to establish an express mail service as well as control over a vast territory. The history of the world doesn’t start and end with these 16 civilizations — the world has stood witness to many other groups who have come and gone over the last 50,000 years. I have chosen a day shot and a dusk or night shot for each city. But, unfortunately, it was also what brought Persia’s doom. Some of the principles that will be compared and contrasted are the rights of the citizens of each society … Messengers used a mindblowing network of roads and if their durability is anything to go by, Incan engineers certainly gave their modern counterparts a run for their money. She was so old, she HAD to be. The Berbers, Basques, Lapps, Eskimos, various Caucasian peoples, Vedics, Ainus (Japan), and African "bush" peoples come to mind. Period: 7,200 B.C. A typical trademark of many ancient cultures is pottery and art, but this unique society has never produced a single shard that’s been found, nor did they seem inclined to pick up a paintbrush. We start off with the building of the Pyramids. And Egypt is in Africa. Mass graves that no one knows the cause of started to appear in settlements around the same time that this remarkable community began to disappear. The Romans effectively ended the pharaohs. Lots of people will answer this question with "China!" Image Credit: study. Their ink is still evident on temples, papyrus and other monuments they have left behind. During the time of the Greek Dark Ages, only a few villages toiled the earth; by the time Ancient Greece was in full swing in 700 B.C., these villages had buffed up into entire city-states. Ancient Greek civilization is believed to have originated on the island of Crete. The people who settled the banks of Italy’s Tiber River then exploded, growing into the most powerful ancient empire ever seen. Indeed, most of the buildings of downtown Cuzco today incorporate walls that are many hundreds of years old (whereas more recent buildings constructed by the Spanish are already crumbling). Advertisement . The first lucky people arrived in 14,000 B.C. Ancient civilizations used this preservation method in food trade. Image Credit: wordpress. The settlement itself went under, perhaps literally, around 5700 B.C., as evidence shows that the entire area was a few feet underwater at that time. The Danubian’s striped pottery prompted a witty German to refer to the culture as “Linearbandkeramik,” (very creatively meaning “Linear Pottery Culture”) and the title, abbreviated to “LBK,” stuck. People have graced the vast grassy plains of this planet since long before even Nana’s great grandparents were alive (and there’s even a tortoise that’s older than her!). Print Cite verified Cite While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. (For ancient civilizations, you may review the Mesopotamians, Mayans, Egyptians, Indus, etc. and settled along a dry and hostile strip of land. It was this period of self-sustaining culture that marks the beginnings of early civilizations as we think of them today. and 1500 A.D. I used to believe my great-grandmother was the first person on earth. Though this civilization is long gone, many of their achievements still exist as ruins that dot the world, such as the Tower, the Sky Corridor, and the Cloud Viewing Fortress. The first villages were incredibly successful at farming and would go on to seed the Maya throughout their large territory. During the Neolithic age humans would start to create technology in the form of stone tools to make life easier. It is thought that somewhere around 5000BC was about the time of origin. 9. Prehistoric humans came upon the Nile — a lush green oasis surrounded by hot deserts on all sides — and liked what they saw. Machu Picchu is an ancient city from the Inca civilization. – 5,700 B.C.Original Location: Henan, ChinaCurrent Location: Henan Province, ChinaMajor Highlights: Bone flutes, earliest example of Chinese writing. 3. And when visitors check their calendar to book a visit or jot down their traveling details using the western alphabet, they’re also utilizing two of the greatest things that Roman civilization left behind as a lasting legacy. The Danubian Culture, or Linearbandkeramik Culture, Ancient Sparta: The History of the Spartans, The Mongol Empire: Genghis Kahn and his warrior horde dynasty, The Great Compromise of 1787: Roger Sherman (Connecticut) Saves The Day, The XYZ Affair: Diplomatic Intrigue and a Quasi-War with France, iPhone History: A Timeline of Every Model in Order, Ancient Civilizations Timeline: 16 Oldest Known Cultures From Around The World, Goal: The Story of How Women’s Soccer Rose to Fame. Group wanted it ’ s both a creation story and a destination after death, a years. Be discovered are not ready to fall any time soon s beginnings were that of a modest village spread disease... We start off with the building of the inventions happening during Roman had. ( Japanese 古代文明 ) was a once thriving civilization that you learned about in this paper the. 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